Forum Moderators: open
There are legitimate design reasons to manipulate the appearance or placement of the H1 text, or replace it with an image, but stick to the way it was intended to be used semantically ... to identify the main topic of the page.
The way to test whether the proposed usage is acceptable is to view the page with a text-only browser. If what shows up makes good sense for humans, you'll be okay with the search engines.
Our designer used this popular code:
<style type="text/css">
h2 {
text-indent : -9999px;
}
</style>
Which does exactly what you describe: push the "text" over by 9999 pixels so the h2 tag does NOT display on a regular browser (Only in the source code for search engines). The page shows a graphic but not the h2 tag.
However, if you use a text only browser, the h2 text tag will indeed display.
I also question if this is a safe technique from an SEO perspective since this in fact "hides" a tag from a user, but not from search engines.
Any additional opinion?