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No government will arrest you for using CSS on an H1.
You might find your clue at Google:
[google.com...]
"can't I make my links h1 style? is that considered spam?"
If you make every link an H1 tag and use CSS to keep it from looking like an H1 tag, that seems like spam to me.
"In the other hand, will someone (human or robot) check .css styles for determining what's the point of my h1s?"
I think I read on here somewhere that Google has implemented spam filters for checking your CSS file for hidden text but that's about it. And being that they alter their own H1 tags with their own CSS file as sean pointed out, I think you're ok.
7.5.5 Headings: The H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6 elements [w3.org]
I could not find one <h> tag that is linked within the W3C. I only did a cursory search, but I have a strong feeling that it is not a recommended practice.
For those of you following the xhtml standards, there is a suggestion that h1-h6 be deprecated. The working group has not yet addressed this suggestion.
8.8. The heading elements [w3.org]
The new buzzword to watch out for is Structured Headings [w3.org].