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Put inline JavaScript in the head

         

Rain_Lover

4:49 pm on Jul 7, 2011 (gmt 0)

10+ Year Member Top Contributors Of The Month



Hi,

The following code works: 

<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
img
{
opacity:0.4;
filter:alpha(opacity=40);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<img src="http://www.w3schools.com/Css/klematis.jpg" width="150" height="113" alt="klematis"
onmouseover="this.style.opacity=1;this.filters.alpha.opacity=100"
onmouseout="this.style.opacity=0.4;this.filters.alpha.opacity=40" />

<img src="http://www.w3schools.com/Css/klematis2.jpg" width="150" height="113" alt="klematis"
onmouseover="this.style.opacity=1;this.filters.alpha.opacity=100"
onmouseout="this.style.opacity=0.4;this.filters.alpha.opacity=40" />

</body>
</html>


But the problem is you have to repeat the inline JavaScript for all the img tags. I tried to put the script in the head to no avail: 

<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
img
{
opacity:0.4;
filter:alpha(opacity=40);
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
function getElements()
 {
 var x=document.getElementsByTagName("img");
 x.style.opacity=1; x.filters.alpha.opacity=100;
 }
</script>
</head>
<body>

<img src="http://www.w3schools.com/Css/klematis.jpg" width="150" height="113" alt="klematis"
onmouseover="getElements()"
onmouseout="this.style.opacity=0.4;this.filters.alpha.opacity=40" />

<img src="http://www.w3schools.com/Css/klematis2.jpg" width="150" height="113" alt="klematis"
onmouseover="getElements()"
onmouseout="this.style.opacity=0.4;this.filters.alpha.opacity=40" />

</body>
</html>


Everything seems right to me, but it doesn't work.

Many thanks for any help!
Mike

Fotiman

5:23 pm on Jul 7, 2011 (gmt 0)

WebmasterWorld Senior Member 10+ Year Member Top Contributors Of The Month



First, the head is not the best place for scripts. Instead, put them in external .js files and include them just before the closing </body> tag.

Next, it's best not to use inline event handlers, but instead attach event listeners to the elements you want from within the JavaScript. This keeps a nice separation of content (HTML) and behavior (JavaScript).

In your code, you are doing:

var x = document.getElementsByTagName("img");

That will return a NodeList (not a single element). You then go on to treat it as though you're acting on a single element:

x.style.opacity=1;

But that won't work because x is a NodeList.

Here's an updated approach which does what you want. Note, I was rushed for time and I specify event handlers in my script file vs. attaching event listeners. If I was to do this correctly, I would replace the img.onmouseover and img.onmouseout code with event listeners instead. That way, if someone modifies the HTML to define onmouseover or onmouseout inline (as you have in your example), it won't overwrite the handler (you can have multiple event listeners, but there's only one handler).
HTML File 

<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
img {
  opacity: 0.4;
  filter: alpha(opacity=40);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<img src="http://www.w3schools.com/Css/klematis.jpg" width="150" height="113" alt="klematis" />
<img src="http://www.w3schools.com/Css/klematis2.jpg" width="150" height="113" alt="klematis" />
<script src="main.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
</body>
</html>

main.js 


(function () {
  var i,
    imgList = document.getElementsByTagName("img"),
    n;
  // Attach event listeners
  for (i = 0, n = imgList.length; i < n; i++) {
    imgList[i].onmouseover = (function (img) {
      return function(){
        img.style.opacity = 1;
        img.filters.alpha.opacity = 100;
      };
    })(imgList[i]);
    imgList[i].onmouseout = (function (img) {
      return function(){
        img.style.opacity = 0.4;
        img.filters.alpha.opacity = 40;
      };
    })(imgList[i]);
  }
})();


Note, I would also remove the CSS from within the HTML, but that's off topic. :)

Rain_Lover

8:18 pm on Jul 7, 2011 (gmt 0)

10+ Year Member Top Contributors Of The Month



Thank you! :)
 

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