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Any fact, guesses, ideas ?
The rest of a URL is case sensitive, according to the BNF diagram in section 1.6 of RFC 2396 [ietf.org], with section 6 exempting the scheme and hostname from the BNF syntax rules.
Google will follow the specs on this one. (They usually follow the spec on things.) Capitalization of the domain name doesn't matter, but /page.html and /Page.html are 2 different URLs.