Forum Moderators: DixonJones
There are a few areas where you can glean information about the output of the algo... The google toolbar is one, Google Sitemaps is another and - as you say Adwords itself gives a few snippets of ideas.
But knowing the output is not enough. After all, recording the results in the serps gives you the output - but not the technology or algorithm behind it.
SEOs constantly (and I have been as guilty as others in the past) make the mistake of saying that they have worked out part of the algorithm based on fundamentally unsound methodology. There is a way to test hypotheses about what does or does not affect Google's algo, but every test is painstaking and there remain unknowns in the majority of tests that we can think of.
I doubt Google is giving away much of the game with its analytics tool.
Dixon.