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"...Soon to be published in the journal Intelligence, it’s similar to the Science study except for one key factor: instead of comparing Bill to Bob, it compares Bill to his younger brothers Barry and Barney. The same birth-order pattern shows up: the firstborns, on average, score about three points higher than their secondborn brothers, and hapless thirdborns do even worse."
[msnbc.msn.com...]
Second up, these studies are often reporting very small effects. What's the effect size? I haven't read the study but I'm betting it's tiny.
Third, there are a stack of things that affect intelligence, probably A LOT more than birth order. Good nutrition, "unstructured play", breast feeding, stable home environment, genetics (whoo I said it, but yes its true, sorry), and socio-economic status all play a part.
Forth, intelligence has nothing to do with integrity, motivation, emotional intelligence, honesty, creativity, physical health, extroversion, conscientiousness, mental health, agreeableness, beauty, or many other things.
So, in a nutshell, it's probably a very small impact on the overall life of a child, and there's no mystery about what's probably causing it.