Creating an Authority vs Hub site

Is it as tough as it seems?

[gatekeeper]

I've looked and am unable to find a clear concise instruction as to the authority model.

What exactly does it take to become an authority?
Does it take numerous links into your home page from various sites spread throughout the net with your "target" keyword phrase in the text link?

Does it take numerous sites linking to your subpages with subpage keyword specific text links?

Currently, my understanding is as follows:
Hub= site with lots of links to other sites
Authority= site with lots of links pointing to it with essential the same text link verbiage.

Feel free to slap me with correct info.

[BroadProspect]

a site can be both
/BP