It's probably most effective to point you to some information from the AdWords Help Center, which covers this topic in some detail:
How do I make my ad text bold?
[adwords.google.com...]
Excerpting about half the text from that page:
Part of your ad text will appear in bold whenever it matches or nearly matches a user's search query. Here are a few examples to demonstrate how this feature works:I. Search query exactly matches your ad text
* search query: rental car
your ad Title: Rental Car Bargains
how your ad appears: Rental Car BargainsThe search query is identical to a phrase in your ad, so that phrase appears in bold.
II. Search query nearly matches your ad text
* search query: rental cars
your ad Title: Rental Car Bargains
how your ad appears: Rental Car BargainsMost plural and singular variations of a search query will appear in bold.
* search query: used fridge
your display URL: www.website.com/usedrefrigerator
how your ad appears: www.website.com/usedrefrigeratorSome common abbreviations and misspellings of a search query will appear in bold. This is also true for extremely relevant synonyms.
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AWA