I don't have any affiliate links except for single non-landing page that has some amazon book ads.
I do have many links to 'additional info' sites. Some of these sites sell stuff, some have affiliate links and many have neither - such as wikip & microsoft.
So, does and can Google tell the difference between an outgoing affiliate link vs a regular outgoing link?
If so, how?
Site profiling may also be a factor would would explain why big brands can run all sorts of useless ads.
Its obviously a mixture of things that count.