I own an .ES domain, which was due to expire in January 2015. Even if it wasn't expired yet, Godaddy set it as "Pending Delete" so I couldn't transfer it out unless I redeem it. The redemption includes the registration for another year and has the same price as a renewal, so I redeemed it and paid for it, without checking that the domain was renewed till 2016.
A few days later, I transfered it to a new registrar, paying the transfer fee which of course included an 1 year registration. I was expecting that the domain would expire in 2017, but again I didn't check the new expiration date.
A few days later, I was informed that my domain was about to expire. I checked it and indeed, the domain was set to expire in January 2015. I then contacted both registrars, asking them to fulfill their duty, and both replied "ok, now it is ok, your domain is set to expire in January 2016"! And indeed, now it is set to expire in 2016, so probably only one of them actually did the renewal, the other only checked the expiration date and concluded "it's solved".
How can I tell "who did the actual renewal?", in order to insist on the other registrar to renew it for another year or to return me my money?