I see so many talking about links and their value who don't seem to realize that last year, with the removal of the PageRank tool from their webmaster tools, Google declared linking a dead metric.
Google has been fighting a losing battle with links since the original algorithm.
First it was reciprocal linking without relevance.
Then link farms.
Spam linking.
Automated linking.
Paid linking.
Google Bombing
When Google introduced PageRank it was intended as an honest rating based on votes from pages linking to the target page.
It was hoped that this would proceed in an organic, (unpaid, non-commercial), mode.
This didn't happen. Everybody and their brother invented a plan to influence the Search Engine Results Positions, (SERPs) using linking schemes. Even today some of the most respected SEO firms offer linking plans which they say will influence the Search engine rankings.
There have been almost constant changes to the PageRank system since it went public.
From inception to June 2002, small tweaks were continually made to the ranking process with a minimum of 19 days and a maximum of 54 days between updates.
In June, July, Aug, Sept, Oct 2002 major changes were made to the PR tool bar and Google directory, and another 12 updates were done which culminated in the Nov 16, 2003 "Florida" update.
Along with LocalRank*, Florida also saw the SEO filter (search engine optimization filter) to weed out over optimized sites.
LocalRank was reported by the web workshop in Dec 2003.
"Another idea that has taken hold is that Google have implemented LocalRank. LocalRank is a method of modifying the rankings based on the inter-connectivity between the pages that have been selected to be ranked."
After Florida came Austin which targeted factors like free for all links.
Brandy came right on the heels of Austin and it changed the basic concept of page rank.
A report on Brandy said:
Links and Anchor Text.
Google shifted its focus to the nature, quantity and quality of inbound as well as outbound link anchor text of a website. It decreased the importance of PageRank which had been Google’s unique ranking system.
Right here is the first official notice of the devaluing of links. As of Feb 11, 2004 links count for less and, if you investigate the news about the updates, LSI was introduced. The combination of LSI and devaluing of links made on-page work more important.
Brandy also saw Goggle talk about Link Neighborhoods.
About a year later saw Bourbon arrive in May and updates to it continue for a few months.
Targeted was:
Non-thematic Linking - Having links to pages which contain content irrelevant to the source page's subject matter,
Low Quality Reciprocal Links - Links from "bad neighborhoods".
Fraternal Linking - Creating a network of sites, which all link back to the same "master" site in an effort to boost the master site's rankings.
In Oct the same year Google released the first of 3 Jagger updates.
Jagger focused on the growing "Generic" SERP irrelevancy, Reciprocal Linking Abuse, and Ballooning BlogSpam
Their solutions were increased importance placed on IBL (Inbound Links) Relevancy.
With reciprocal linking abuse growing out of hand, even "organic" SERP were losing relevancy.
Increased importance placed on OBL (Outbound Links) Relevancy.
The "Bourbon" update delivered a marked hit on irrelevantly linked and broader based directories.
nofollow was brought in.
More weight thrown back to PR @ top domain.
Google departed from earlier values ascribed to PageRank from the beginning in quest of content, content freshness and other factors.
It has been suggested that more emphasis was being placed on the PR of the site, rather than the page.
After Jagger3 you could find PR0 pages highly placed in important Topic SERPs. This is another clear indicator that linking is becoming less important.
In regards to links, Jagger dealt with:
Value of incoming links
Value of anchor text in incoming links
Content on page of incoming links
Age of the incoming links
Nature of sites linking to you
Directory links
Speed and volume of incoming links created
Value of reciprocal links
Impact of outbound links / links page on your website
From Dec '05 to March '06 "Big Daddy" rolled in.
A major infrastructure change, again partially to combat link spam. As the update spread across the data centers, people started to notice that many pages from their sites had disappeared from the regular index.
Matt Cutts, a senior software engineer at Google, put it down to "sites where our algorithms had very low trust in the inlinks or the outlinks of that site. Examples that might cause that include excessive reciprocal links, linking to spammy neighborhoods on the web, or link buying/selling."
The rest of 2006, all of 2007 and 2008 saw about 22 recorded changes to PR and back links, including some changes and reversals to changes.
At the beginning of '07 Google came out with an algo to try and defeat Google Bombing.
2009 was visibly about PR with 6 "Google dances" due to PR updates which culminated in the removal of the PR tool bar in Google's webmaster tools.
Linking was officially dead, PageRank was no longer to be trusted.
Developers were told "We’ve been telling people for a long time that they shouldn’t focus on PageRank so much; many site owners seem to think it's the most important metric for them to track, which is simply not true."
Although PR was declared a dead metric for SERPs, it is still employed, albeit in a considerably changed algo.
Largely unnoticed due to some misdirection on Google's part, the Mayday update rewrote the basis of PageRank from one based upon a mathematical process to one based on relevance between linking and linked pages
.
The telling thing that Google said was reported by Vanessa Fox in an interview about Google: "I asked Google for more specifics and they told me that it was a rankings change, not a crawling or indexing change."
Following Google's past terminology,
"Rankings" refers to PageRank ratings.
"Crawling" refers to how often your pages are visited.
"Indexing" is all about SERPs.
Since Google has declared PR a dead metric, this can only be an attempt to revive it.
As it stands now links affect PageRank which does not affect SERPs.
Hands on experience in developing my new site shows that my PR4 was achieved with only 115 incoming links. 113 on PR0 pages.
This alone negates the old method of calculations where the PR of the linking page was taken into consideration.
My older site has a PR3 and has over 500 links.
In the SERPs the site, with ONE inbound link, placed higher than an authority site with 277,000 IBLs for a phrase with 33,000,000 competing sites. (Links reported by Yahoo).
This means that the amount and quality of inbound links does not influence SERPs. You can see this in just about every SERPs pages.
Since Mayday Google has stated that PR is used to determine the frequency a site gets spidered.
Higher PR sites get visited more often and information is fresher.
That a new site can hold the top position in a competitive search without any "off page optimization" means that the controlling factors for positioning are all on-page.
To recap,
SERPs and PageRank are now separate entities.
SERPs are decided by on page factors, relevance, presentation, silo and synonym densities.
Links build PageRank which is used to present authority without an influence on SERPs.
best,
Reg