[google.com...]
Gert
A UNIX file system is case sensitive, while a WIN one is not. But that does not directly related to URLs. A URL is not a file name.
A URL like:
[google.com...]
may result in you being served a file called...
/home/stuff/stuff/stuff/ADS/home/index.HTML
or
c:\stuff\stuff\stuff\ADS\home\index.HTML
...you'd never know what the actual file is.
So URLs map to file names (with a one-to-many mapping in the case of cloaking or geo-targetting, etc).
It's that mapping that Google is doing in a case-sensitive manner. I guess they are just too big to bother being user-friendly any more.