It could be efective, but this way it is not correct (and won't work), change it as follows:
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{REMOTE_ADDR} ^64\.231\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}$
RewriteRule . - [F,L]
Regular expressions are working with strings, so the [0-255] will be processed as [0-2 5 5] so it will match 0, 1, 2 and 5, but that's all. The one I suggested above works with all the addresses from 0-255, but it is not nice, since it can match 999 and 000 also which should not appear in any ip address.
The recommended way to ban a browser based on the ip address is the Order and the Deny from directives, something like this: (this you can put into the htaccess file)
Order Deny,Allow
Deny From 64.231.0.0/16